Indawo yerhafu, okanye ulawulo lwemfihlo, okanye iziko lezemali elunxwemeni, leliphi na ilizwe okanye ulawulo olunikezela ngoxanduva oluncinci kwirhafu kubantu bamanye amazwe nakumashishini. Iindawo zokurhafisa azidingi ukuba amashishini asebenze ngaphandle kwelizwe lawo okanye abantu ukuba bahlale elizweni labo ukuze bafumane izibonelelo zerhafu. Basebenzisa ukufihla ukutsala umdla wokungena kwemali ngokungekho semthethweni nangokungekho semthethweni. Umzi mveliso wehlabathi uphuhlisile ubandakanya ezona bhanki zikhulu zehlabathi, umthetho, iifemu zocwangciso mali kunye nababoneleli abaziingcali abayila kwaye bathengise ngokufihlakeleyo izakhiwo ezingaselunxwemeni zabaxumi babo abarhafayo nabaphula umthetho.
Ukhuphiswano phakathi kwamagunya okubonelela ngezixhobo zokufihla into eyeyona nto iphambili kurhwebo lwezezimali lwehlabathi, ngakumbi okoko ixesha lokudityaniswa kwezezimali laphuma ngenene ngeminyaka yoo-1980. Iingxaki zidlulela ngaphaya kwerhafu. Ngokubonelela ngokufihlakeleyo, ilizwe eliselunxwemeni lonakalisa kwaye ligqwetha iimarike notyalo-mali, zibumba ngeendlela ezingenanto yakwenza nokusebenza kakuhle. Ihlabathi eliyimfihlo lidala i-criminogenic hothouse yezinto ezininzi ezimbi kubandakanya ubuqhetseba, ukuqhatha irhafu, ukubaleka kwimigaqo yezemali, ukuxhaphaza, ukujongana nabantu ngaphakathi, ukunyoba, ukuxhaphaza imali kunye nokunye okuninzi.
Inikezela ngeendlela ezininzi zokuba abantu bangaphakathi babukhuphe njani ubutyebi bejongela phantsi intlalo, ukudala ukungavumi kwezopolitiko kunye nokujongela phantsi impilo "engekho irhafu ngaphandle kokumelwa" okuthethelelayo okuxhasa ukukhula kwamazwe anoxanduva lwala maxesha. Amazwe amaninzi ahlwempuzekileyo, ahluthwe irhafu kunye ne-hemorrhaging capital kwimicimbi yokufihla, baxhomekeke kuncedo lwangaphandle. Oku kwenzakalisa abemi bamazwe atyebileyo nahlwempuzekileyo ngokufanayo.
Ababoneleli ababaluleke kakhulu behlabathi ekusithekeni kwezemali ukugcina iiasethi eziphangiweyo ubukhulu becala abancinci, iziqithi ezinemithi yesundu njengoko abaninzi becinga, kodwa lelinye lawona mazwe makhulu kwaye acebileyo. Isalathiso seMfihlo sezeMali (i-FSI) sikumagunya ngokomthetho wabo wokufihla kunye nenqanaba lemicimbi yezemali elunxwemeni. Inqanaba lezopolitiko elingathathi hlangothi, sisixhobo sokuqonda imfihlo yezemali kwihlabathi liphela, iindawo zerhafu okanye ulawulo lwemfihlo, kunye nokuhamba kwemali ngokungekho mthethweni okanye inqwelomoya.
Nazi ezona ndawo ziphezulu zerhafu ezingama-20 ehlabathini.
Uhlu | Indawo yerhafu | Ixabiso leFSI | Isabelo seFSI |
1. | Cayman Islands | 1,575.19 | 4.63% |
2. | eunited States | 1,486.96 | 4.37% |
3. | Swizalend | 1,402.10 | 4.12% |
4. | Hong Kong | 1,035.29 | 3.04% |
5. | Singapho | 1,022.12 | 3.00% |
6. | Laksembheg | 849.36 | 2.49% |
7 .. | Japhan | 695.59 | 2.04% |
8. | elamaDatshi | 682.20 | 2.00% |
9. | British Virgin Islands | 619.14 | 1.82% |
10. | IUnited Arab Emirates | 605.20 | 1.78% |
11. | Guernsey | 564.56 | 1.66% |
12. | iunited Kingdom | 534.65 | 1.57% |
13. | Taiwan | 507.57 | 1.49% |
14. | Jemani | 499.72 | 1.47% |
15. | Panama | 479.51 | 1.41% |
16. | Jersey | 466.81 | 1.37% |
17. | Thayilendi | 448.86 | 1.32% |
18. | Malta | 442.20 | 1.30% |
19. | Khanada | 438.38 | 1.29% |
20. | Khwatha | 433.05 | 1.27% |