Kunyora kambani muKenya kunosanganisira kuisa zvikamu paNairobi Securities Exchange (NSE). Kusiyana nemafungiro akajairika, kunyora zvikamu paNSE hakungosanganisire kutengesa zvikamu kuti uwedzere mari asi zvinogona kuitwa kusimudzira utongi hwemakambani sezvo zvichiunza kuongororwa kwepamusoro nekudaro mazinga epamusoro ekuteerera ari kudiwa. Kutengesa migove kukwidza capital kunonzi Initial Public Offer (IPO), mari iri kusimudzwa kubva munhau inozivikanwa pachine nguva uye kana pasina capital iri kutsvakwa pamusika inotumidzwa seListing by Introduction.
Zvikonzero makambani anosarudza kunyorwa paNSE
Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda zvekuti kambani inogona kusarudza kunyora paNairobi Securities Exchange kunze kwekusimudza capital inosanganisira:
- Kuwana mukana kumisika mikuru mune ramangwana: Misika mikuru inopa yakagadzirira nzira yemari kumakambani, ichivagonesa kutanga kukura uye zvirongwa zvekuwedzera kana kupa mari yavo yekushanda zviri nyore.
- Pakuwanikwa kwemutengo wemasheya: Kunyoreswa kunobvumira migove yekambani kutengesa pane yepamutemo stock exchange, nemutengo unotarwa nekudiwa kwemusika uye masimba ekupa. Izvi zvinobvumira kugadzirwa kwemusika wakatemerwa kukosha kwekambani.
- Kuwedzera kujeka uye kuburitswa kune veruzhinji: Kana kambani ichinyora, iri pasi pemutemo uye nekudaro ichadikanwa kuburitsa mamwe zvidimbu zveruzivo runobatsira kune veruzhinji vanodyara.
- Kuvandudza maitiro ehutongi hwemakambani: Makambani akanyorwa anotarisirwa kutevedzera maitiro ekutonga kwemakambani sekurairwa nemutemo.
- Kuwedzera chimiro chekambani: Makambani akanyorwa anowanzo zivikanwa neveruzhinji uye anoonekwa seanojeka uye anovimbika, apasa bvunzo dzemutongi. Izvi zvichashanda kuwedzera chivimbo mukambani uye kuvhura magonhi kune mutoro wengarava wemikana yaanogona kuongorora.
- Kupa vagovanisi varipo kusakwana kwezvikamu zvavo: Kana zvikamu zvekambani zvanyorwa pakuchinjana, vagovani vane nzira yekusiya migove yavo pamadiro kune veruzhinji vanoisa mari mumisika mikuru.
- Ita kuti zvive nyore kuti inyore pane dzimwe shanduko: Kana kambani yakatobudirira kunyora pane imwe stock exchange, inofungidzirwa kuti yakatopfuura kuburikidza nekuongorora uye nekuita hunyanzvi maitiro, uye yakapfuura nepakati pese rondedzero kamwechete, nekudaro. nzira yekunyora pane imwe shanduko ichave isinganyanyi kunetesa.
NSE misika zvikamu mukati umo makambani anonyorwa
Musika weNSE wakura kubva pakagadzwa muna 1954. Zviitiko zvichangobva kuitika iko kushanda kweGEMS, kuunzwa kwekutora kwakatengwa, maReIT uye mari yekutengesa. Muna 2001, iyo NSE yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu zvemusika zvichienderana nerudzi rwekudyara uye mhando yeasset kirasi, uye muna 2013, chikamu chechina chakaunzwa kupa maSME mukana wekuwana misika yemisika nekukudza mabhizinesi avo.
a. Main Investment Market Chikamu (MIMS)
Ichi chikamu chikuru cheNSE panowanikwa makambani mazhinji. Iyo yakakodzera kumakambani makuru ayo angave aripo kwenguva yakareba yenguva sezvo inoda kuendeswa kweanopfuura mashanu-makore emari akaongororwa emari, 5 ayo anofanirwa kunge ari makore anobatsira; Ksh mamirioni mazana mashanu emari yakabhadharwa zvakakwana share capital uye Ksh zana remamiriyoni muzvinhu.
b. Zvimwe Investment Market Segment (AIMS)
Chikamu chemusika uyu chakakodzera zvirinani kumakambani epakati sviki ane angangoita Ksh mamirioni muzvinhu uye Ksh makumi maviri emamiriyoni emari yakabhadharwa zvakakwana panguva yekunyorwa.
c. Yakagadziriswa Inowana Kuchengetedzwa Musika Segment (FISMS)
Ichi chikamu chakagadzirirwa kuisa zvinyorwa uye chechipiri kutengesa kutengeserana kwemari yakachengetedzwa mari, kunyanya yemabhizimisi pamwe nehurumende zvisungo.
d. Kukura Enterprise Market Chikamu (GEMS)
GEMS yakaunzwa kuti ipe chikuva chakarongeka umo maSME anogona kuwana mukana kumitengo yepamusika yemitengo yakapusa uye kubatsirwa kubva kunzvimbo inoyanuka inouya nayo, ichisimudzira hutongi hwejekerere uye pachena. Zvinodiwa zvacho zvakaitwa zvishoma kuti zvigadzikire makambani madiki ekukura, nezvinodiwa senge pasina kukosha kwakasimba asset uye nhoroondo yekubudirira inodiwa, kuiswa kweakaunzi account akangoita gore rinotangira gore rekunyorwa, uye mashoma Ksh mamirioni gumi yakabhadharwa share capital.
Nzira idzo makambani anogona kunyorwa pamusika akasiyana emisika
Heano pfupiso yenzira idzo makambani anogona kuwana akanyorwa pazvikamu zvakasiyana zvemusika.
a. Chekutanga Ruzhinji Kupa (IPO)
Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa mhando yekunyora uye iyo inowanzo kusanzwisiswa senzira chete iyo nzira iyo kambani inogona kunyora pamusika wekutengesa. IPO inosanganisira kambani inoburitsa migawo mitsva painenge ichinyora nezvechinzvimbo chakasarudzika chichagovera huwandu hwevatori vechikamu kubva kune veruzhinji vari kutenga zvikamu zvacho pamutengo wekugoveranwa, ndosaka kambani ichikwidza mari kubva muchiitiko ichi.
b. Rondedzero neTsumo
Rudzi urwu rwekunyora runoitika kana kambani inotora masheya aripo ndokuzvinyora pamusinjana Tichifunga nezvekuti kambani iyi iri kunyora masheya akambobhadharirwa zvakakwana, chinangwa chekunyorwa nekutanga hakusi kukwidza mari munguva pfupi, asi kukwanisa kuzviita mune imwe nguva inotevera kana kambani iri kuda capital. Iyo inongopa iyo kambani nharaunda yakagadziridzwa mukati mavo yekushandisa uye chikuva chekutengesa migovano nevanotengesa ruzhinji mumisika mikuru.
c. Kuyambuka-kunyorwa
Izvi zvinoitika kana kambani yakatove yakanyorwa pane imwechete yekutengeserana ichisarudza kunyora pane imwe mari yekutengesa kuti ive nehupamhi hukuru hwekuwana mari kubva kune akasiyana masheya uye nevashandisi vakasiyana.
d. Reverse rondedzero
Urwu rudzi rusina kujairika rwekunyora maratidziro iyo kambani isina kunyorwa pane chero chinotsinhana inotenga kambani yakanyorwa uye zvobva zvangoerekana zvanyorwa nekuda kweiyo yekutengeserana. Zvakajairika kana kambani inoda kuwana mukana kumisika mikuru inodawo kudzivirira nguva uye mutengo unoshandiswa mukunyorwa kwezvinyorwa.
Kubvumidzwa kwekunyorwa
Iyo Capital Markets Authority inopa mvumo yekunyora zvinyorwa zveveruzhinji zvese uye kunyorwa kwekuchengetedza pane chero chengetedzo yekushambadzira muKenya. A Masecurity Ekushambadzira anogona kubvumidza kunyorwa kwekuchengetedzeka pane Kukura Enterprise Market Chikamu kana iyo chengetedzo isina kupihwa kune veruzhinji uye kunyorwa iri munzira yekusuma.
Zvakakosha kufungisisa zvisati zvaitika kunyorwa
Heano mazano ekutora usati wanyorwa.
a. Kugadzwa kweTransaction Advisor kana Akasarudzwa Advisor
- Chero kambani inofunga kupa zvibatiso zvayo kune veruzhinji kana chikamu cheveruzhinji inosungirwa kugadza chipangamazano chekutengeserana uyo achange aine basa rekuona kuti kupihwa kwezvibatiso kunoitwa zvinoenderana neMutemo nemirau yakapihwa ipapo pasi (Reg 5A. (1)).
- Anopa ari kutsvaga kunyorwa paChikamu cheKukura Kwemabhizimusi emusika anodiwa kuti agadze Adviser Akasarudzwa nekondirakiti yakanyorwa uye achaona kuti ine Anodomwa Advisor nguva dzese. Iye Anodomwa Nyakupa mazano anotarisirwa kuraira uye kutungamira mupi nezve mashandisirwo ezvinyorwa zvinodiwa zveKukura Enterprise Market Segment uye kutonga kuendeswa kweiyo rondedzero chirevo uye mamwe magwaro ese kuSecurities Exchange uye kuona kuzara kwayo uye kurongeka isati yatumirwa. (Reg 10A. (1)).
b. Masangano ekutonga anotonga
- Iyo kambani inofanirwa kunge iine chikamu chimwe muzvitatu cheBhodi sevasiri-vakuru vatungamiriri.
- Kambani iyi inofanirwa kumisa komiti yezvekuongorora ichitevedzera gwara rekutonga kwemakambani rakapihwa neCapital Markets Authority.
- Sachigaro wekambani haazove nechinzvimbo chakadaro mumakambani anopfuura maviri akanyorwa panguva imwe chete, kuitira kuti ave nechokwadi chekutora chikamu mubhodhi.
- Mukuru wezvemari uye mukuru wedhipatimendi re accounting vachave nhengo dzeInstitute of Certified Public Accountants yakavambwa pasi peAccountants Act.
- Munyori wekambani weanopa wese achave nhengo yeInstitute of Certified Public Secretaries yeKenya yakavambwa pasi peVanyori Veruzhinji veKenya Act.
- Muongorori wekambani anofanira kunge ari nhengo yeInstitute of Certified Public.
- Accountants uye vachatevedzera International Standards of Auditing.
c. Zvimwe zvekutarisa zvisati zvaitika
- Kambani iyi inofanirwa kuongorora Memorandum uye Zvinyorwa zveSangano kuti zvienderane negwara pamusoro pemaitiro ehutongi hwemakambani nePublic Listed Companies muKenya sezvakarongwa neCapital Markets Act.
- Kambani iyi inofanirwa kunge iine rejista yekambani inochengetedza rejista yevagovani vekambani.
- Zvinyorwa zveMubatanidzwa zvekambani zvinofanirwa kuvandudzwa kuitira kuti zvienderane neCentral Depository (Operation) Mitemo uye Central Depositories Act, 2000 maererano nezvisungo zvine chekuita nekuchengetedzeka kusingafambiswi.
d. Rimwe rondedzero yeruzivo (Inoshanda kune ese emisika zvikamu)
- Kuzivikanwa kwevatungamiriri, manejimendi makuru uye vanachipangamazano (kureva, vanhu vane basa neruzivo rwakaburitswa).
- Ipa nhamba uye nguva inotarisirwa.
- Mashoko pamusoro peanopa.
- Kushanda uye kuongororwa kwemari uye prospectus (iyo ichangoburwa budiriro uye tarisiro yeboka).
- Vatungamiri nevashandi.
- Vagoveri vakakura uye kutengeserana kwebato kwakabatana.
- Ruzivo rwemari.
- The offer and listing.
- Vatengesi.
Zvinodiwa zvekugovaniswa neruzhinji rwekupiwa kwemigove uye kunyorwa
kudiwa | Maitiro echikamu chikuru chemusika wekudyara | Maitiro echimwe chikamu chemusika wekudyara | Maitiro echikamu chekukura kwebhizimusi chikamu |
Chimiro chekupinza | Kambani yeruzhinji inoganhurwa nemasheya uye yakanyoreswa pasi peCompanies Act (Cap. 486 of the Laws of Kenya). | ||
Goverana capital | Maminimum emvumo yakapihwa uye akabhadhara-yakazara-yakajairika share capital yemamiriyoni makumi mashanu emadhora. | Maminimum emvumo yakapihwa uye akabhadhara-yakazara-yakajairika share capital yemamiriyoni makumi maviri emadhora. | Anopa achave nemari shoma yakatenderwa uye inobhadharwa-yakazara mari yakajairika yemamiriyoni gumi emadhora; uye mupi anofanira kuva nemigove isingasviki zana rezviuru mukubuda. |
Net zvinhu | Net assets nekukasira pamberi pekupihwa neruzhinji kana kunyorwa kwemasheya haafanire kunge ari pasi pezana remamiriyoni emadhora. | Net assets pamberi pekupihwa neruzhinji kana kunyorwa kwemasheya haafanire kunge ari pasi pemakumi maviri emamiriyoni emadhora. | N / A |
Kufambisa kwemahara kwemahara | Magovha anofanirwa kuve akanyorwa anokwanisa kuchinjika zvakasununguka uye kwete pasi pezvirambidzo pamusika kana chero kodzero yekutanga. | ||
Kuwanika uye kuvimbika kwemarekodhi emari | Iye anoburitsa achange aine ongororo yezvemari inoenderana neInternational Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) yenguva yeaccounting inopera pazuva risingasviki mwedzi mina zuva rakarongwa rekupa kana kunyorwa kwevanopa vane zvibatiso zvisina kunyorwa pasecurity exchange. , uye mwedzi mitanhatu kune vanopa vane masecurities akanyorwa pane securities exchange. Anopa anofanirwa kunge akagadzira zvirevo zvemari zvenguva ichangoburwa yeakaunti pamusoro pekunetsekana uye mushumo wekuongorora haufanirwe kuve nekusimbisa kwenyaya kana hunhu mune izvi. | N / A | |
Kukwanisa uye kukodzera kwevatungamiriri uye manejimendi | Pazuva rekunyorera, mupi haafanire kunge ari kutyora chero zvibvumirano zvake zvechikwereti kunyanya zvine chekuita nechikwereti chakakura. Senge pazuva rekunyorera uye kwenguva ingangoita makore maviri zuva rekunyorera risati rasvika, hapana mutungamiriri weanopa achave nechikumbiro pasi pemitemo yekubhuroka kana yekusabhadhara mune chero hutongi hwakamirira kana kutyisidzirwa kune chero director (kune vanhu) , kana chero chikumbiro chekupedzisira chakamirira kana kutyisidzirwa pamusoro pacho (chemasangano emakambani) - chero kutongwa kwemhosva uko director akabatwa nemhosva yekubirira kana mhosva ipi neipi, kana kudomwa zita rekumirira kupomerwa mhosva, kana chero imwe mhosva kana chiito. mukati kana kunze kweKenya; kana yanga iri nyaya yemutongo wedare rine masimba ekutonga kana chero sangano rehurumende mune chero hutongi, rinorambidza zvachose kana kwenguva pfupi director akadaro kuita sechipangamazano wekudyara kana semutungamiriri kana mushandi westockbroker, mutengesi, kana chero basa rezvemari. sangano kana kuita chero rudzi rwebhizinesi maitiro kana chiitiko munzvimbo iyoyo. Anopa anofanirwa kunge aine manejimendi epamusoro akakodzera ane ruzivo rwakakodzera kwerinokwana gore risati ranyorwa, hapana kana mumwe wavo anenge aita mhosva yakakomba munzvimbo chero ipi zvayo inogona kunzi haina kukodzera manejimendi ekambani yakanyorwa. Anopa achaona kuenderera mberi nekuchengetwa kwevatungamiri vakakodzera panguva yekunyorwa uye hapana shanduko yehutungamiri kwemwedzi gumi nembiri mushure mekunyorwa kunze kwechikonzero chemhosva huru iyo inogona kunzi inokanganisa kutendeseka kana kuti isina kukodzera kutungamira kwevakarongwa. kambani. Anopa anofanira kunge aine chikamu chimwe muzvitatu cheBhodi sevasina vatungamiri. | Anopa anofanirwa kuve nevashoma vatungamiriri vashanu, iine chetatu cheBhodi sevatungamiriri vasiri-vatungamiriri sepamazuva ekunyorera uye kwenguva inosvika makore maviri zuva risati rasvika. Chero chikumbiro chiri pasi pemitemo yekubhuroka kana yekusabhadhara mune chero nzvimbo yakamirira kana kutyisidzirwa kune chero director (yevanhu), kana chero chikumbiro chekupedzisira chakamirira kana kutyisidzirwa pamusoro pacho (yemasangano emakambani). Chero kutongwa kwemhosva uko director akatongerwa hutsotsi kana mhosva ipi neipi, kana kudomwa zita rekumirira kupomerwa mhosva, kana chero imwe mhosva kana chiito mukati kana kunze kweKenya. Yaive nyaya yemutongo wedare rine masimba ekutonga kana chero sangano rehurumende mune chero hutongi, rinorambidza zvachose kana kwenguva pfupi director akadaro kuita sechipangamazano wekudyara kana semutungamiriri kana mushandi westockbroker, mutengesi, kana chero sangano rebasa rezvemari. kana kuita chero rudzi rwebhizinesi maitiro kana chiitiko munzvimbo iyoyo. Madhairekitori uye manejimendi epamusoro emunyoreri vanofanirwa pamwechete kuve nehunyanzvi hwakakodzera uye ruzivo rwekutonga uye manejimendi eanonyorera nebhizinesi rake. Ruzivo rwehunyanzvi hwakadaro uye ruzivo runofanirwa kuburitswa mune chero runyorwa ruzivo rwakagadzirirwa nemunyoreri. “Unyanzvi hwakakodzera uye ruzivo rwunoreva ringangove gore ruzivo mubhizinesi remunyoreri, kana apo munyoreri asina rekodhi yapfuura, ruzivo mumutsara webhizinesi wakafanana”. Chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevatungamiri chinofanirwa kunge chapedza iyo Directors Induction Program (DIP) isati yanyorwa uye inosara inofanirwa kupedzisa zvakafanana mukati memwedzi mitanhatu mushure mekunyorwa. Anopa achaona kuenderera mberi kwekuchengetedza manejimendi ane hunyanzvi panguva yekunyorwa uye hapana shanduko yehutungamiriri kwenguva yemwedzi gumi nembiri zvichitevera kunyorwa kunze kwechikonzero chemhosva huru inogona kunzi inokanganisa kuvimbika kana kusakodzera kutungamira kwekambani yakanyorwa. . | |
Diderend mutemo | Anopa anofanirwa kuve negwara rakajeka rekugovera divi. | N / A | |
Teedzera rekodhi, purofiti uye ramangwana tarisiro | Anopa anofanirwa kunge azivisa purofiti mushure memutero unobva kune vane mashareji mune angangoita matatu ekupedzisira mashanu akapera eakaunzi nguva kusvika pazuva rekupihwa. | Iye anopa anofanirwa kunge aripo ari mumutsara mumwechete webhizinesi kweasingasviki makore maviri rimwe racho rinofanira kuratidza purofiti ine mukana wekukura kwakanaka. | N / A |
Solvency uye kukwana kwemari inoshanda | Anopa mari haafaniri kunge asina mari. Anopa anofanira kunge aine mari yekushanda yakakwana. | Anopa mari haafaniri kunge asina mari. Anopa anofanira kunge aine mari yekushanda yakakwana. Vatungamiri veMupi vanopa maonero pamusoro pekukwana kwemari yekushandisa kweinenge mwedzi gumi nembiri mushure mekupa mugove, uye vaongorori veanopa vanozosimbisa nekunyora kukwana kweiyo capital. | |
Govera varidzi chimiro | Zvichitevera kugoverwa kwevoruzhinji kana kuti nguva isati yatanga kunyorwa munyaya yesumo, zvikamu makumi maviri nezvishanu kubva muzana zvezvikamu zvinofanira kubatwa nevaridzi vemasheya vasingasviki chiuru chimwe chete kusasanganisa vashandi veakapa. Panyaya yekunyorwa kwechisumo, mupi achaona kuti varidzi vemasheya varipo, vanhu vanobatanidzwa kana rimwe boka revatenzi vane simba pamusoro pemanejimendi vachapa chisungo chekusatengesa masheya avo nguva yemakumi maviri isati yapera. mwedzi mina inotevera kunyorwa uye kuita kwakadaro kuchaburitswa muMemorandamu yeRuzivo. | Kutevera kugoverwa kwevoruzhinji kana kuti nguva isati yatanga kunyorwa munyaya yesumo, zvingangoita makumi maviri muzana ezvikamu zvinofanirwa kubatwa nevaneshavi vasingasviki zana kusasanganisa vashandi veanopa kana nhengo dzemhuri dzevaridzi vanodzora. Hapana investor achabata zvinodarika zvikamu zvitatu kubva muzana zvemakumi maviri muzana emasheya. Mupi wemugove anofanirwa kuona kuti varidzi vemasheya varipo, vanhu vanobatanidzwa kana rimwe boka revaridzi vemasheya vane simba pamusoro pemanejimendi vachapa Chisungo kuHurumende kuti vasatengese masheya avo nguva isati yapera kwemwedzi makumi maviri neina mushure mekunyorwa uye zvakadaro. kuita kuchaburitswa muInformation Memorandum. | Anopa anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu gumi neshanu kubva muzana zvezvikamu zvakapihwa (tisingasanganisi izvo zvinobatwa nemugoveri anodzora kana vanhu vanobatana kana kuita konsati naye; kana Mamaneja makuru ekambani) aripo kuti atengeswe neveruzhinji. Anopa anorega kuve akakodzera kunyorwa pakupera kwemwedzi mitatu yezuva rekunyorwa, kana zvibatiso zviripo zvekutengeserana neruzhinji zvakabatwa nevaneshavi vasingasviki makumi maviri neshanu (kusanganisa avo vanobatwa neanotonga shareholder kana vanhu vanobatanidzwa kana kuita konzati naye, kana Mamaneja makuru ekambani). Anopa anofanirwa kuona kuti vagovani varipo, vanhu vanobatanidzwa kana rimwe boka revagoveri vanodzora vane pesvedzero pamusoro pemanejimendi vachapa chibvumirano maererano neChiremera neSecurities Exchange chinorambidza kutengeswa kwechikamu kana chikamu chavo chose pamberi pe kupera kwenguva yemwedzi makumi maviri neina zvichitevera kunyorwa uye kuita kwakadai kuchaburitswa murondedzero. |
Akanyorwa masheya kuti abviswe | N / A | N / A | Migove yose yakapihwa inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo inochengeterwa mari yakadzikwa pasi peCentral Depositories Act, 2000 (No. 4 of 2000). |
Akasarudzwa Advisor | N / A | N / A | Anopa anofanira kugadza Mupi Wemazano Akasarudzwa maererano nechibvumirano chakanyorwa uye anofanira kuona kuti ane Mupi Wemazano Akasarudzwa nguva dzose. |
Kunze kwekunyorwa zvinyorwa
Mitemo yekunyora haizoshanda kune:
a. Hurumende yeKenya
Kuchengetedzeka kunopihwa kana kuti panzvimbo peHurumende yeKenya kana boka remubatanidzwa rakagadzwa pasi pemutemo wese wakanyorwa muKenya kunze kweCompanies Act.
b. Zvega zvinopa
Nezvinangwa zveMitemo iyi, kupihwa kwezvivimbiso kuchaonekwa sechipo chega uye nekudaro kuchaonekwa sechipo kune veruzhinji muKenya kana, kusvika pamwero wakapihwa vanhu muKenya pasi pemamiriro anotevera ( Reg 21 (1)):
- Masecurities anopiwa kune vanhu vasingadarike zana.
- Zvibatiso zvinopihwa kunhengo dzekirabhu kana mubatanidzwa (ingave kana kusabatanidzwa) uye nhengo dzinogona kutariswa zvine mutsindo sekufarirana kune mumwe nemumwe uye nekirabhu kana mubatanidzwa mune zviitiko zvekirabhu kana mubatanidzwa uye mune zvipi. zvinofanira kuitwa nemari inowanikwa nechipo.
- Zvibatiso zvinopihwa kune vanhu vashoma vanotendwa neanopa kuti vane ruzivo rwakakwana kuti vanzwisise njodzi dziripo pakubvuma kupihwa.
- Iwo masecurity ndeekambani yakazvimirira uye anopihwa nekambani iyoyo ku:
- Nhengo kana vashandi vekambani.
- Nhengo dzemhuri dzedzimwe nhengo dzakadaro kana vashandi. Nhengo dzemhuri yemunhu murume kana mukadzi wemunhu, shirikadzi kana murume akafirwa nevana (kusanganisira vana vekurera) nevazukuru vavo, uye chero mutirastii (achiita seakadaro) wetrust mubatsiri mukuru ari iye munhu wacho kana pachake, kana imwe yehama idzodzo.
- Zvibatiso zvinopihwa kune vanhu vashoma vanotendwa neanopa kuti vane ruzivo rwakakwana kuti vanzwisise njodzi dziripo pakubvuma kupihwa.
- Iko kunyoreswa kunyoreswa kwezvibatiso pamunyoreri hakusi pasi peKenya Shillings zana rezviuru (Ksh 100,000).
Kuenderera zvisungo
- Wese mupi ane security akapihwa kune veruzhinji anofanirwa kutevedzera zvinoenderera zvisungo zvakatsanangurwa muFifth Schedule maererano nechikamu chemusika chakakodzera (Reg 19. (1)).
- Nezvekuenderera mberi kwekusungirwa kuburitsa ruzivo, mupi achaita kuburitsa pachena pachena kweruzivo rwunogona kutarisirwa kuve nemhedzisiro yezvinhu pamusika wekutengesa mumitengo ye, kuchengetedzwa kwayo (Reg 19. (2)).
- Ruzivo rwunodiwa kuburitswa pasi peMitemo iyi ruchaburitswa mukati maawa makumi maviri nemana echiitiko, panguva imwe chete kune Chiremera, shanduko yezvibatiso pakanyorwa kuchengetedzwa kweanopa, kana zvichibvira, uye kune veruzhinji panguva isiri-yekutengesa maawa. chikamu chemusika chakakodzera (Reg 19. (3)).
Policy uye mutero inokurudzira yemisika misika
- Kubviswa kweStamp Duty inobhadharwa pamari yekugovana kana kuwedzera mari yemugove wekambani yakanyorwa paNairobi Stock Exchange. (2007).
- Mutengo wepamutemo uye mamwe madhiri ane chekuita nekuunzwa kwemasheya (apo kambani inonyora mugove wayo pasina kukwidza capital) inobviswa mutero wekambani. (2006).
- Kushanda Ndira 1, 2003, makambani achangobva kunyorwa anobhadhara mutero wakaderera we25% (kureva, zvikamu zvishanu kubva muzana zvakaderera pane mutero wemubatanidzwa we5%) kwenguva yemakore mashanu zvichitevera kunyorwa kwavo. Mutemo mutsva uyu unoshanda kumakambani ane anoyangarara angangoita makumi matatu muzana yemari yavo yakapihwa kuruzhinji. (30).
- Nyowani uye yakawedzera share capital nemakambani akanyorwa kana avo vari kutsvaga rondedzero vasingabhadharwe kubva kune zvitambi. (2000/2001).
- Kudzikiswa kwemutero weholdholding unoshanda kudividend mari inobva mukudyara pamasecurity akanyorwa kune vese vari munyika nevekunze vanoisa mari. Kunze kwe10%; Local 10% kusvika 7.5% kusvika 5%. (1995/96/97).
- Kuregererwa kwechitambi uye mutero wevalue wakawedzerwa pakuendeswa kwezvibatiso zvakanyorwa. (1995).
- Mari yeIPOs yakaitwa kuti mutero ubviswe. (1995).
Zvikonzero nei makambani ari kusarudza kuti asanyorwe paNSE
Isu takangoona mashoma mashoma ezvinyorwa pane iyo NSE pamusoro pemakore, chimwe chinhu chinogona kuve chakanangwa:
- Yakareba uye inonakidza kunyorwa zvinyorwa: Makambani akave nematambudziko ekunyorwa paNSE nekuda kwekurebesa uye kunetesa maitiro anotora kunyora pakuchinjana.
- Mari dzinowanikwa: Mari inodiwa pakunyorwa kwekutanga ndiyo muripo wekutanga wekunyora uye mubhadharo wakaitwa kune vese vanopa mazano ekutengeserana pakati pevamwe, uye izvi zvinotariswa zvakanyanya nekambani sarudzo isati yaitwa yekuenderera mberi. Dzimwe nguva, mitengo iyi inogona kunge yakanyanya kukwirisa kunyanya kumakambani madiki.
- Yakawandisa mutemo uye kuongorora: Mamwe makambani asina kunyorwa anozeza kunyora pamusika wemasheya nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze ane hukasha, kuongororwa kwakadzama uye nekuchenjera maitiro uye kukura kwekubuda pachena uye kutonga kwemakambani kunofanirwa kutevedzwa nemakambani akanyorwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kukanganisa makambani madiki ayo ane mhuri uye anotongwa.